HELIOSOpen AI Infrastructure Observatory
Static snapshot. This site serves two different things: 1,853 data centres reported by OpenStreetMap contributors nationwide, and 13 sites Helios infers from Arizona parcel records, exported on July 29, 2026. The first is a map of what has been recorded; the second is an argued hypothesis with an evidence chain. This is a point-in-time export, not a live view. See meta.json or the methodology.

VA

State · 405 data centres recorded in OpenStreetMap

Mapped facilities
405
on the map today
Floor area
4.54
km² across 337 buildings
Share of US load
4,972
MW, inferred upper bound
Water
10.82
million gal/day, inferred
47 of these 405 are not mapped as buildings, so no power figure is estimated for them. 30 are campus boundaries covering 5.50 km² of land, and 17 are sites mapped as under construction. The megawatt figure above divides a national total by building floor area, and the area of a land parcel is not floor area. A site still being built consumed none of the electricity that total measures. Both are counted here and left out of the estimate rather than folded into it, so this region's load is understated by however much those represent.

When these appeared on the map

observed, not surveyed
0184367201620182019202020212023202420252026
Data centres recorded in OpenStreetMap at the end of each month. The hatched stretch is before 2017-01, when telecom=data_center was not yet in common use — the near-zero readings there describe the tag, not the country. This is a count of what has been mapped, and OpenStreetMap carries no construction dates.
41 of these 405 facilities do not appear in the curve. The chart counts facilities whose appearance was observed in OpenStreetMap's edit history; one mapped before 2012 has no creation edit to observe. The two numbers answer different questions — how many are on the map now, and how many were watched arriving — and neither is wrong.

What the grid here looks like

reported by OSM contributors
Substations
1,144
69 kV and above
Bulk substations
374
230 kV and above
Highest voltage
765
kV, present in this state
Generating capacity
29,734
MW across 232 plants

A facility drawing hundreds of megawatts connects at bulk transmission voltage, so the second figure matters more than the first: forty 69 kV yards are not a substitute for one 500 kV substation. 42 of the plants here carry no capacity tag, so the megawatt total is a floor rather than the region's output.

Proximity is not connection. Nothing here shows that any facility has contracted power from any of these substations. That gets settled in interconnection filings Helios cannot read, and in several regions those queues now run for years. A county showing no substations may have none mapped rather than none standing.

Largest named mapped records

by mapped area
NameOperatorMapped asMapped area m²Share MWFirst mapped
Microsoft Boydton Data CenterMicrosoftCampus boundary1,102,062—2023-12-13
QTS Richmond 1 Data CenterQuality Technology ServicesCampus boundary538,156—2023-12-15
QTS Richmond 3 Data CenterQuality Technology ServicesUnder construction454,388—2026-03-27
True North Data CentersTrue North Data SolutionsCampus boundary425,795—2025-05-16
QTS Richmond 2 Data CenterQuality Technology ServicesUnder construction407,798—2026-03-27
Digital Loudoun Plazanot recordedCampus boundary265,693—2022-01-13
PowerHouse CTP-03not recordedUnder construction261,050—2026-03-27
Bank of America Data Centernot recordedCampus boundary205,312—2023-12-15
Google Data CenterGoogleCampus boundary199,105—2023-07-22
NTT Ashburn Campusnot recordedCampus boundary196,595—2024-12-19
Arcola Tech Parknot recordedCampus boundary161,230—2021-01-19
Amazon Fadeley IIInot recordedCampus boundary153,751—2023-04-12
CloudHQ Ashburn Campusnot recordedCampus boundary144,296—2024-12-19
White Oak Technology Park 2QTSUnder construction139,335—2026-03-27
Microsoft Data CenterMicrosoftCampus boundary137,061—2021-01-19
Equinix CU2EquinixCampus boundary120,768—2023-12-25
Stonewall Creek Business ParkGoogleCampus boundary120,008—2021-10-28
QTS Ashburn LockridgeQuality Technology ServicesCampus boundary115,619—2026-05-22
Amazon Web Services Datacenter ComplexAmazon Web ServicesCampus boundary101,083—2016-12-16
Amazon Web ServicesAmazon Web ServicesCampus boundary94,979—2016-12-16
QTS Ashburn-Shellhornnot recordedCampus boundary77,067—2024-12-19
Digital Loudoun Plazanot recordedCampus boundary63,782—2022-01-13
Meta Henrico Data CenterMetaBuilding56,17861.62025-05-29
Meta Henrico Data CenterMetaBuilding54,64559.92024-09-02
Digital Realty Northern Virginia IAD39Digital RealtyBuilding51,02555.92019-07-30
CyrusOne NVA5CyrusOneBuilding47,09751.62016-12-16
DBT Data - Harrisonburg Centernot recordedCampus boundary46,986—2023-12-08
CloudHQ LC1CloudHQBuilding46,37750.82020-04-20
CloudHQ LC4CloudHQBuilding42,79146.92025-04-28
Digital Realty ACC7Digital RealtyBuilding38,04241.72018-11-27
CloudHQ MCC1CloudHQBuilding37,15340.72021-10-27
Digital Realty Northern Virginia IAD44Digital RealtyBuilding37,11840.72024-09-24
Digital Realty Northern Virginia IAD44Digital RealtyBuilding37,11640.7before 2012
Digital Realty IAD41 (Building P)Digital RealtyBuilding36,88140.42020-04-19
CloudHQ MCC2CloudHQBuilding32,61835.82021-10-27
VISA Data Centernot recordedBuilding32,51535.62020-07-11
Digital Realty ACC9Digital RealtyBuilding30,58933.52018-11-27
Meta Henrico Data CenterMetaBuilding30,46533.42024-09-02
Digital Realty ACC5Digital RealtyBuilding27,76530.42016-12-16
Digital Realty ACC4Digital RealtyBuilding27,32829.92016-12-16

“First mapped” is when OpenStreetMap recorded the facility, not when it was built — OpenStreetMap carries no construction dates. Mapped area means a building floor plate, campus boundary, or construction polygon according to the “Mapped as” column; those quantities are never added together. The megawatt column appears only for buildings and is their floor-area share of a reported national total, not a measurement.